javascript 缓存提供程序

相信每一个开发者都知道缓存的重要性。从头至尾有缓存的后台(memcached,xcache等。) 来减轻db的压力。对内容分发网络（CDN）缓存中希望你的浏览器缓存那些不止一次的加载资源。当然, 有客户端缓存,所以你不要重复昂贵的操作(即使是算法或大量的运算)。

这是介绍的是一个不错的javascript的方面的客户端解决方案,可选配支持HTML5本地存储器.

Starting Simple

function CacheProvider() {   // values will be stored here   this._cache = {}; }

Feature detect on local storage

try {   CacheProvider.hasLocalStorage = ('localStorage' in window) && window['localStorage'] !== null; } catch (ex) {   CacheProvider.hasLocalStorage = false; 

}

这里使用try catch的主要原因是 尽管firefox支持该属性，但是需要在about:config中设置并开启，否则将会报错。所以一个简单的if else不能满足需求。

下面我们将增加对象本地存储机制的支持。这个技术是借鉴了Christopher Blizzard的一篇不错的文章 Saving data with local storage – for which those who didn’t know, you can only store string’s into local storage. Thus we have this…

in / out JSON parsing

if (CacheProvider.hasLocalStorage) {   Storage.prototype.setObject = function(key, value) {     this.setItem(key, JSON.stringify(value));   };   Storage.prototype.getObject = function(key) {     return JSON.parse(this.getItem(key));   }; }

现在就到了我们的三个核心方法了，分别是 get, set, 和clear.

Core class functionality

CacheProvider.prototype = {   /**      * {String} k - the key      * {Boolean} local - get this from local storage?      * {Boolean} o - is the value you put in local storage an object?      */   get: function(k, local, o) {     if (local && CacheProvider.hasLocalStorage) {       var action = o ? 'getObject' : 'getItem';       return localStorage[action](k) || undefined;     } else {       return this._cache[k] || undefined;     }   },   /**      * {String} k - the key      * {Object} v - any kind of value you want to store      * however only objects and strings are allowed in local storage      * {Boolean} local - put this in local storage      */   set: function(k, v, local) {     if (local && CacheProvider.hasLocalStorage) {       if (typeof v !== 'string')) {         // make assumption if it's not a string, then we're storing an object         localStorage.setObject(k, v);       } else {         try {           localStorage.setItem(k, v);         } catch (ex) {           if (ex.name == 'QUOTA_EXCEEDED_ERR') {             // developer needs to figure out what to start invalidating             throw new Exception(v);             return;           }         }       }     } else {       // put in our local object       this._cache[k] = v;     }     // return our newly cached item     return v;   },   /**      * {String} k - the key      * {Boolean} local - put this in local storage      * {Boolean} o - is this an object you want to put in local storage?      */   clear: function(k, local, o) {     if (local && CacheProvider.hasLocalStorage) {       localStorage.removeItem(k);     }     // delete in both caches - doesn't hurt.     delete this._cache[k];   } };

如何运用？

注意在这篇文章的开始，就说了Cache Provider 是可选支配的本地存储，首先然让我们看一个没有本地存储的例子：

getElementsByClassName

var cache = new CacheProvider; window.getElementsByClassName = getElementsByClassName || function(c) {   var reg = cache.get(c) || cache.set(c, new RegExp("(?:^|s+)" + c + "(?:s+|$)"));   var elements = document.getElementsByTagName('*');   var results = [];   for (var i = 0; i < elements.length; i++) {     if (elements[i].className.match(reg)) {       results.push(elements[i]);     }   }   return results; 

};

备注：下次你调用类函数的时候， 将会用预先编译好的正则表达式替代够建造一个表达式。


再举一个例子：比如 对于大的应用程序需要i18n，你可以缓存一个编译好的html字符串进入本地存储中。

var i18nCache = new CacheProvider; if (i18nCache.get('topnav')) {   $('#nav').html(i18nCache.get('topnav')); } else {   ajax('top-nav.tmpl', function(html) {     i18nCache.set('topnav', html);     $('#nav').html(i18nCache.get('topnav'));   }); }

除此之外，你开可以做很多外部资源缓存到本地的事情，加油:)