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[置顶] ELK(ElasticSearch, Logstash, Kibana)+ SuperVisor + Springboot + Logback 搭建实时日志分析平台

栏目：服务器时间：2016-10-08 16:00:52

日志主要包括系统日志、利用程序日志和安全日志。系统运维和开发人员可以通过日志了解服务器软硬件信息、检查配置进程中的毛病及毛病产生的缘由。常常分析日志可以了解服务器的负荷，性能安全性，从而及时采取措施纠正毛病。

通常，日志被分散的贮存不同的装备上。如果你管理数10上百台服务器，你还在使用顺次登录每台机器的传统方法查阅日志。这样是否是感觉很繁琐和效力低下。当务之急我们使用集中化的日志管理，例如：开源的syslog，将所有服务器上的日志搜集汇总。

集中化管理日志后，日志的统计和检索又成为1件比较麻烦的事情，1般我们使用grep、awk和wc等Linux命令能实现检索和统计，但是对要求更高的查询、排序和统计等要求和庞大的机器数量仍然使用这样的方法难免有点力不从心。

开源实光阴志分析ELK平台能够完善的解决我们上述的问题，ELK由ElasticSearch、Logstash和Kiabana3个开源工具组成。官方网站： https://www.elastic.co/products

  • Elasticsearch是个开源散布式搜索引擎，它的特点有：散布式，零配置，自动发现，索引自动分片，索引副本机制，restful风格接口，多数据源，自动搜索负载等。
  • Logstash是1个完全开源的工具，他可以对你的日志进行搜集、过滤，并将其存储供以后使用（如，搜索）。
  • Kibana 也是1个开源和免费的工具，它Kibana可以为 Logstash 和 ElasticSearch 提供的日志分析友好的 Web 界面，可以帮助您汇总、分析和搜索重要数据日志。

ELK工作的原理图

Centos7 环境下的搭建

1.JDK

下载linux的1.8 JDK 包，解压，进行以下配置：

vi ~/.bashrc
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_101
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
exportCLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$CLASSPATH

进入https://www.elastic.co/products，下载ElasticSearch，Logstash，Kibana linux下相干紧缩包

2.ElasticSearch

安装：

tar -zxvf elasticsearch⑵.4.0.tar.gz
cd elasticsearch⑵.4.0

安装Head插件:

./bin/plugin install mobz/elasticsearch-head

编辑ElasticSearch的配置文件:

vi config/elasticsearch.yml
cluster.name=es_cluster
node.name=node0
path.data=/tmp/elasticsearch/data
path.logs=/tmp/elasticsearch/logs
#当前hostname或IP
network.host=192.168.245.129
network.port=9200

启动elasticsearch

由于不能使用root身份启动，所以需要先创建1个用户，如：elk

adduser elk
passwd elk    #输入两次密码。
chown -R elk /你的elasticsearch安装目录  #root给elk赋权限
./bin/elasticsearch

可以看到，它跟其他的节点的传输端口为9300，接受HTTP要求的端口为9200。使用ctrl+C停止。固然，也能够使用后台进程的方式启动ES：

./bin/elasticsearch &

安装的head插件，它是1个用阅读器跟ES集群交互的插件，可以查看集群状态、集群的doc内容、履行搜索和普通的Rest要求等。现在也能够使用它打开 localhost:9200/_plugin/head 页面来查看ES集群状态：

3.Logstash

安装：

tar -zxvf logstash⑵.4.0.tar.gz
cd logstash⑵.4.0.tar.gz

配置:

mkdir config #创建放置配置文件的目录
vi config/log_to_es.conf

加入input,output配置：

input { 
   syslog {
     codec => "json"
     port => 514
   }
}
output {
    elasticsearch {
       hosts => ["192.168.245.129:9200"]
    }
}

- input：使用syslog udp方式来接收logback传输过来的日志,配置端口为514（默许就是514，可以根据需要随便指定），使用 netstat -anptu可以查看到启动的监听

    tcp6       0      0 :::514                  :::*                    LISTEN      2869/java                
    udp6       0      0 :::514                  :::*                                2869/java
  • output：输出到elasticsearch，注意端口必须是http端口

启动:

./bin/logstash agent -f config/log_to_es.conf

注意：要使用root身份进行启动

4.Kibana

安装：

tar -zxvf kibana⑷.6.1-linux-x86_64.tar.gz
cd kibana⑷.6.1-linux-x86_64

配置：

vi config/kibana.yml

server.port: 5601
server.host: 192.168.245.129
elasticsearch.url: http://192.168.245.129:9200
kibana.index: “.kibana”

启动:

./bin/kibana

用阅读器打开该地址 http://192.168.245.129:5601，为了后续使用Kibana，需要配置最少1个Index名字或Pattern，它用于在分析时肯定ElasticSearch中的Index。

5.logback配置

使用springboot+logback，将logback的记录的日志存储到elk中。

自定义的属性类：

@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "myproperties", ignoreUnknownFields = false)
public class MyProperties {
    private final CorsConfiguration cors = new CorsConfiguration();

    public CorsConfiguration getCors() {
        return cors;
    }

    private final Logging logging = new Logging();

    public Logging getLogging() { return logging; }

    public static class Logging {

        private final Logstash logstash = new Logstash();

        public Logstash getLogstash() { return logstash; }

        public static class Logstash {

            private boolean enabled = false;

            private String host = "localhost";

            private int port = 5000;

            private int queueSize = 512;

            public boolean isEnabled() { return enabled; }

            public void setEnabled(boolean enabled) { this.enabled = enabled; }

            public String getHost() { return host; }

            public void setHost(String host) { this.host = host; }

            public int getPort() { return port; }

            public void setPort(int port) { this.port = port; }

            public int getQueueSize() { return queueSize; }

            public void setQueueSize(int queueSize) { this.queueSize = queueSize; }
        }

    }
}

日志配置类:

@Configuration  
public class LoggingConfiguration {

    private final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(LoggingConfiguration.class);

    private LoggerContext context = (LoggerContext) LoggerFactory.getILoggerFactory();

//    @Value("${spring.application.name}")
    private String appName="Example";

//    @Value("${server.port}")
    private String serverPort="8089";

    @Autowired
    private MyProperties myPro;

    @PostConstruct
    private void init() {
        if (myPro.getLogging().getLogstash().isEnabled()) {
            addLogstashAppender();
        }
    }

    public void addLogstashAppender() {
        log.info("Initializing Logstash logging");

        LogstashSocketAppender logstashAppender = new LogstashSocketAppender();
        logstashAppender.setName("LOGSTASH");
        logstashAppender.setContext(context);
        String customFields = "{\"app_name\":\"" + appName + "\",\"app_port\":\"" + serverPort + "\"}";

        // Set the Logstash appender config from JHipster properties
        logstashAppender.setSyslogHost(myPro.getLogging().getLogstash().getHost());
        logstashAppender.setPort(myPro.getLogging().getLogstash().getPort());
        logstashAppender.setCustomFields(customFields);

        //添加日志功率，只有warn和error才记录到elk stack中
        logstashAppender.addFilter(new Filter<ILoggingEvent>() {
            @Override
            public FilterReply decide(ILoggingEvent event) {
                if(event.getLevel() == Level.ERROR || event.getLevel()==Level.WARN){
                    return FilterReply.ACCEPT;
                }
                return FilterReply.DENY;
            }
        });
        // Limit the maximum length of the forwarded stacktrace so that it won't exceed the 8KB UDP limit of logstash
        ShortenedThrowableConverter throwableConverter = new ShortenedThrowableConverter();
        throwableConverter.setMaxLength(7500);
        throwableConverter.setRootCauseFirst(true);
        logstashAppender.setThrowableConverter(throwableConverter);

        logstashAppender.start();

        // Wrap the appender in an Async appender for performance
        AsyncAppender asyncLogstashAppender = new AsyncAppender();
        asyncLogstashAppender.setContext(context);
        asyncLogstashAppender.setName("ASYNC_LOGSTASH");
        asyncLogstashAppender.setQueueSize(myPro.getLogging().getLogstash().getQueueSize());
        asyncLogstashAppender.addAppender(logstashAppender);
        asyncLogstashAppender.start();

        context.getLogger("ROOT").addAppender(asyncLogstashAppender);
    }
}

注意：日志过滤可以通过添加logback appender的filter方式，或是采取logstash filter的drop插件,如：

filter {
      if ([message] =~ "^toElk") {
      }else {
         drop {}
      }
}

6.长时间运行程序

使用supervisor来管理elk stack进程。

1.安装：

先安装setuptools:

wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/ez_setup.py -O - | python

再安装supervisor：

wget https://pypi.python.org/packages/80/37/964c0d53cbd328796b1aeb7abea4c0f7b0e8c7197ea9b0b9967b7d004def/supervisor⑶.3.1.tar.gz
tar zxvf supervisor⑶.3.1.tar.gz
cd supervisor⑶.3.1
python setup.py install

2.配置:

创建supervisor配置文件：

echo_supervisord_conf  >/etc/supervisord.conf
vi /etc/supervisord.conf

取消以下的注释,并修改IP为0.0.0.0

[inet_http_server]         ; inet (TCP) server disabled by default
port=0.0.0.0:9001        ; (ip_address:port specifier, *:port for all iface)
username=user              ; (default is no username (open server))
password=123               ; (default is no password (open server))

3.supervisor启动文件:

vi /etc/init.d/supervisord

#! /bin/sh
PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin

PROGNAME=supervisord

DAEMON=/usr/bin/$PROGNAME

CONFIG=/etc/$PROGNAME.conf

PIDFILE=/tmp/$PROGNAME.pid

DESC="supervisord daemon"

SCRIPTNAME=/etc/init.d/$PROGNAME

# Gracefully exit if the package has been removed.

test -x $DAEMON || exit 0

start()

{
        echo -n "Starting $DESC: $PROGNAME"
        $DAEMON -c $CONFIG
        echo "..."
}

stop()

{
        echo -n "Stopping $DESC: $PROGNAME"
        supervisor_pid=$(cat $PIDFILE)
        kill ⑴5 $supervisor_pid
        echo "..."
}

case "$1" in
  start)
        start
        ;;
  stop)
        stop
        ;;
  restart)
        stop
        start
        ;;
  *)
echo "Usage: $SCRIPTNAME {start|stop|restart}" >&2
exit 1
;;
esac
exit 0

4.设置管理的进程

vi /usr/local/supervisor_ini.ini

加入：

[program:elasticsearch]
directory=/usr/local/elasticsearch⑵.4.0
command=/usr/local/elasticsearch⑵.4.0/bin/elasticsearch
;process_name=elasticsearch ; process_name expr (default %(program_name)s)
user=elk
numprocs=1                    ; number of processes copies to start (def 1)
priority=1                  ; the relative start priority (default 999)
autostart=true                ; start at supervisord start (default: true)
;startsecs=1                   ; # of secs prog must stay up to be running (def. 1)
startretries=3                ; max # of serial start failures when starting (default 3)
autorestart=true        ; when to restart if exited after running (def: unexpected)
stopasgroup=true             ; send stop signal to the UNIX process group (default false)
killasgroup=true
redirect_stderr=true
stdout_logfile=/tmp/supervisor_elasticsearch.log


[program:logstash]
directory=/usr/local/logstash⑵.4.0
command=/usr/local/logstash⑵.4.0/bin/logstash agent -f /usr/local/logstash⑵.4.0/config/to_es.conf
;process_name=logstash ; process_name expr (default %(program_name)s)
numprocs=1                    ; number of processes copies to start (def 1)
priority=2                  ; the relative start priority (default 999)
autostart=true                ; start at supervisord start (default: true)
;startsecs=1                   ; # of secs prog must stay up to be running (def. 1)
startretries=3                ; max # of serial start failures when starting (default 3)
autorestart=true        ; when to restart if exited after running (def: unexpected)
;exitcodes=0,2                 ; 'expected' exit codes used with autorestart (default 0,2)
;stopsignal=QUIT               ; signal used to kill process (default TERM)
;stopwaitsecs=10               ; max num secs to wait b4 SIGKILL (default 10)
stopasgroup=true             ; send stop signal to the UNIX process group (default false)
killasgroup=true             ; SIGKILL the UNIX process group (def false)
redirect_stderr=true          ; redirect proc stderr to stdout (default false)
stdout_logfile=/tmp/supervisor_logstash.log       ; stdout log path, NONE for none; default AUTO
;stdout_logfile_maxbytes=1MB   ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (default 50MB)
;stdout_logfile_backups=10     ; # of stdout logfile backups (default 10)
;stdout_capture_maxbytes=1MB   ; number of bytes in 'capturemode' (default 0)
;stdout_events_enabled=false   ; emit events on stdout writes (default false)
;stderr_logfile=/a/path        ; stderr log path, NONE for none; default AUTO
;stderr_logfile_maxbytes=1MB   ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (default 50MB)
;stderr_logfile_backups=10     ; # of stderr logfile backups (default 10)
;environment=A="1",B="2"       ; process environment additions (def no adds)

[program:kibana]
directory=/usr/local/kibana⑷.6.1-linux-x86_64
command=/usr/local/kibana⑷.6.1-linux-x86_64/bin/kibana
;process_name=kibana ; process_name expr (default %(program_name)s)
numprocs=1                    ; number of processes copies to start (def 1)
priority=3                  ; the relative start priority (default 999)
autostart=true                ; start at supervisord start (default: true)
;startsecs=1                   ; # of secs prog must stay up to be running (def. 1)
startretries=3                ; max # of serial start failures when starting (default 3)
autorestart=true        ; when to restart if exited after running (def: unexpected)
redirect_stderr=true
stdout_logfile=/tmp/supervisor_kibana.log


[group:elk_stack]
programs=elasticsearch,logstash,kibana  ; each refers to 'x' in [program:x] definitions
priority=1

修改/etc/supervisord.conf文件，加入以下：

[include]
files = /usr/local/supervisor_ini/*.ini

5.启停supervisor:

/etc/init.d/supervisor start
/etc/init.d/supervisor stop

6.通过web界面查看：

阅读器打开：http://127.0.0.1:9001，输入配置的user/123进入管理界面

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